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ATX vs ITX vs STX: Choosing the Right Form Factor
When designing or upgrading industrial and embedded computing systems, selecting the right motherboard form factor is crucial. The form factor determines not only the size of your system but also the expandability, compatibility, and cooling options. Three of the most popular form factors in industrial computing are ATX, ITX, and STX. In this article, we break down the differences to help you make an informed choice.
Understanding ATX, mATX, ITX, and STX
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)
ATX is the most common motherboard form factor and is known for its versatility. With space for expansion cards, RAM, and multiple storage, ATX is ideal for PCs that require robust performance and I/O.
Key Features:
- Larger size allows more expansion slots
- High compatibility with standard cases and power supplies
- Excellent for systems requiring multiple GPUs or add-on cards
mATX (Micro Advanced Technology eXtended)
Micro ATX is a smaller version of ATX that maintains good expandability while saving valuable space. It’s ideal for industrial systems that need a balance between compact design and expandability.
Key Features:
- Smaller than ATX but larger than ITX
- Usually supports 2–4 expansion slots
- Good compromise for industrial PCs needing moderate expansio
ITX (Information Technology eXtended)
ITX, particularly Mini-ITX, is a compact form factor designed for small and energy-efficient systems. ITX boards are perfect for embedded computing applications where space is limited.
Key Features:
- Small footprint, ideal for space-constrained environments
- Lower power consumption
- Limited expansion options compared to ATX
STX (SFF / Small Form Factor Technology)
STX is designed for ultra-compact systems without sacrificing performance. STX boards are often used in specialized industrial applications, where both space and reliability are critical.
Key Features:
- Extremely compact design
- Efficient thermal management for tight spaces
- Typically supports a limited number of expansion slots
ATX vs ITX vs STX: Size and Specification Comparison
| Feature | ATX | mATX (Micro ATX) | ITX (Mini-ITX) | STX |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Typical Size (mm) | 305 x 244 | 244 x 244 | 170 x 170 | 203 x 147 (varies) |
| Expansion Slots | 4–7+ | 2–4 | 1–2 | 1–2 |
| RAM Slots | 2–8 | 2–4 | 2 | 2 |
| Ideal Use Case | High-performance industrial PCs | Balanced compact industrial PCs | Compact embedded systems | Ultra-compact industrial PCs |
| Power Consumption | Moderate–High | Moderate | Low | Low–Moderate |
| Cooling Options | Extensive | Moderate | Limited | Moderate |
This table provides a quick overview of how each form factor performs in industrial and embedded computing contexts.
Which Form Factor Should You Choose?
- Choose ATX if your system requires multiple expansion cards, high performance, and future scalability.
- Choose ITX if space is limited and power efficiency is a priority.
- Choose STX if you need an ultra-compact, high-reliability system for specialized industrial applications.
Selecting the right form factor ensures your system delivers optimal performance, reliability, and longevity, which is especially critical in industrial and embedded computing environments.
Contact BVM for Expert Advice
At BVM, we have over 35 years’ experience supplying, designing, and manufacturing Industrial and Embedded Computer hardware. Whether you need an ATX powerhouse, a compact ITX solution, or an ultra-compact STX system, our team can help you select and configure the perfect solution.
Let us help you design a reliable, high-performance industrial computing solution tailored to your exact needs.
Ready to Discuss Your Project?
Contact BVM for all your Industrial and Embedded Computing OEM/ODM design, manufacturing or distribution needs. With over 35 years of experience, we supply standard hardware and design custom solutions tailored to your requirements.
Reach our expert sales team on 01489 780144 or email us at sales@bvmltd.co.uk.